Pirates, Privateers, Buccaneers, and Corsairs

Pirate, privateer, corsair, buccaneer: All of these words can refer to a person who engages in high-seas thievery, but whats the difference? Heres a handy reference guide to clear things up. Pirates Pirates are men and women who attack ships or coastal towns in an attempt to rob them or capture prisoners for ransom. Essentially, they are thieves with a boat. Pirates do not discriminate when it comes to their victims. Any nationality is fair game. They do not have the (overt) support of any legitimate nation and generally are outlaws wherever they go. Because of the nature of their trade, pirates tend to use violence and intimidation more than regular thieves. Forget about the romantic pirates of the movies: pirates were (and are) ruthless men and women driven to piracy by need. Famous historical pirates include Blackbeard, Black Bart Roberts, Anne Bonny, and Mary Read. Privateers Privateers were men and ships in the semi-employ of a nation which was at war. Privateers were private ships encouraged to attack enemy ships, ports and interests. They had the official sanction and protection of the sponsoring nation and had to share a portion of the plunder. One of the most famous privateers was Captain Henry Morgan, who fought for England against Spain in the 1660s and 1670s. With a privateering commission, Morgan sacked several Spanish towns, including Portobello and Panama City. He shared his plunder with England and lived out his days in honor in Port Royal. A privateer like Morgan would never have attacked ships or ports belonging to another nation besides the one on his commission and would never have attacked any English interests under any circumstances. This is primarily what differentiates privateers from pirates. Buccaneers The Buccaneers were a specific group of privateers and pirates who were active in the late 1600s. The word comes from the French boucan, which was smoked meat made by hunters on Hispaniola out of the wild pigs and cattle there. These men set up a business of selling their smoked meat to passing ships  but soon realized that there was more money to be made in piracy. They were rugged, tough men who could survive hard conditions and shoot well with their rifles, and they soon became adept at waylaying passing ships. They became greatly in demand for French and English privateer ships, then fighting the Spanish. Buccaneers generally attacked towns from the sea and rarely engaged in open-water piracy. Many of the men who fought alongside Captain Henry Morgan were buccaneers. By 1700 or so their way of life was dying out and before long they were gone as a socio-ethnic group. Corsairs Corsair is a word in English applied to foreign privateers, generally either Muslim or French. The Barbary pirates, Muslims who terrorized the Mediterranean from the 14th until the 19th centuries, were often referred to as corsairs because they did not attack Muslim ships and often sold prisoners into slavery. During the Golden Age of Piracy, French privateers were referred to as corsairs. It was a very negative term in English at the time. In 1668, Henry Morgan was deeply offended when a Spanish official called him a corsair (of course, he had just sacked the city of Portobello and was demanding a ransom for not burning it to the ground, so maybe the Spanish were offended, too). Sources: Cawthorne, Nigel. A History of Pirates: Blood and Thunder on the High Seas. Edison: Chartwell Books, 2005.Cordingly, David. New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks, 1996Defoe, Daniel. (Captain Charles Johnson) A General History of the Pyrates. Edited by Manuel Schonhorn. Mineola: Dover Publications, 1972/1999.Earle, Peter. New York: St. Martins Press, 1981.Konstam, Angus. The World Atlas of Pirates. Guilford: the Lyons Press, 2009

Deviance on Television - 1049 Words

Deviance on Television In sociology, the term deviance refers to behaviors or attitudes which go against certain cultural norms. It is evident that deviance is a fascinating topic not only for sociologist, but for television industry and its viewers, as well. In recent years, increasing number of shows begun to feature individuals violating every kind of social norm from folkways to taboos. The Secret Life of the American Teenager, an American television series on the ABC Family television network, is one of the many contemporary shows that portray deviant behaviors on national television. It’s intended for the target audience of teens and their families who are trying to cope in a culture where teen girls and boys are sexually active.†¦show more content†¦Her father died in a plane crash and she felt responsible for it. Anne Juergens and George Juergens got divorced, after fifteen years of marriage, because of their marital affairs. I believe that Secret Life of the American Teenager is a good series that show the relationships between families and friends, and how they deal with an unexpected teen pregnancy. It aims to reveal what is like to be a pregnant teenager and how a teen mother copes up with people’s judgments. It also aims to reveal what is like to be a mother in a very young age, and how a teen mother juggles motherhood responsibility and school responsibility. I think that the show is realistic and relevant. It is not unusual for girls to get pregnant in a very young age anymore. I personally know three teenagers that got pregnant at the age of sixteen. Watching this show reminds me of those three people. This show helps me gain a better understand on what teen mothers are going through. However, some viewers might think otherwise and disagree with me. After all, each of us has different perception on certain matter. Some viewers might think it is a dumb show and that it is not appropriate to watch, because of its explicit scenes and language. Bu t, I personally think that the series can be an eye opener or a series that people, especially teenager can learn from. The series did a great job on projecting the consequences of teenage pregnancy and how it has great effects not only to one’s self, but toShow MoreRelatedThe Sociology Of Deviance, Kai T. Erikson1563 Words   |  7 Pages In his Study in the Sociology of Deviance, Kai T. Erikson defends the point that deviant forms of behavior are a natural and beneficial part of social life. One of his main arguments is that, in our modern society, â€Å"the agencies of control often seem to define their job as that of keeping deviance within bounds rather than obliterating it altogether† (Wayward Puritans 24:2). Now, what if society gave to its agencies of control the role of annihilating deviance? What if the set of boundaries wasRead More VIOLENCE IN THE MEDIA Essay782 Words   |  4 Pages Violence in the Media Violence has been a part of society ever since the days of the caves men, but only recently has television lifted its ban on the graphic depiction of violence. American children and adolescents are being exposed to increasing amounts of media violence, especially in television, movies, video games, and youth-oriented music. Video game violence, childrens cartoons, and music lyrics have become increasingly graphic. In movies, action films depict vivid precise murders, rapesRead MoreThe Learning Theory and Television Essay567 Words   |  3 Pagesnumber of television one watches. That is not to say that watching television causes violence but that there is a significant amount of correlation to warrant further research. The effects can be explained using the learning theory. The learning theory states â€Å"that deviance is learned through social interaction.† The learning theory is all about the ability of anyone to learn deviant behavior. Thats where the media would come in because it provides the deviant behavior. In the media deviance is almostRead MoreSexual Deviance Is Any Abnormal Sexual Act997 Words   |  4 PagesSexual deviance is any abnormal sexual act, behavior, or fantasy that falls outside of the social norm; however, who determines normal and for how long does that normal apply? Historically, intercourse described penile/vaginal penetration in the â€Å"missionary position† of a man and woman in marriage and was needed for procreation; incidentally, public discussion, display, or exposure met with disgust, disapproval, and rejection. The norm predominantly established through religion rallied againstRead MoreDeviance And Its Effect On Society1328 Words   |  6 Pa gesIn the United States of America, societal deviance changes nearly on a daily basis. Depending on the current culture, deviance is modified to make societal heroes like celebrities, political figures, and sport players look less deviant and more like role models for the public. The change in what is considered â€Å"normal† is customarily a result of society in general. By using a reference group of people, individuals tend to identify with those who are in the lime light. Then when that role model doesRead MoreSocial Deviance in the Media915 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Deviance in the Media Amy Hanson SOC/100 January 24, 2016 Andrea Harris I will be taking a look at how social deviance is portrayed in the media today. The television program I will be discussing is the show Cops. Cops is a reality television program that first aired in 1989 and was created by John Langley and Malcom Barbour. The show takes a raw and edgy look at social deviance through the eyes of law enforcement officials. It is unconventional, in the sense that it is unscriptedRead MoreEffect of Media and Mass Communication Essay1386 Words   |  6 PagesOur society depends on the news media to provide information to help us form opinions and make voting decisions. It is clear the media has a huge impact on our culture. The media influences a number of subjects in our culture; one of which is deviance. Deviance can be described as the fact or state of diverging from usual or accepted standards within both social and sexual behaviour. Our cultures view on deviant behaviour is moulded by rules carried out by the government. It provides the basis of ou rRead MoreEssay on Deviance and Society969 Words   |  4 Pages Determining Deviance The dictionary defines deviance as the breakdown or diversion from the accepted norm or expected standards of behaviour of a society. The concept of deviance however has no standard definition, it is deemed to be culturally relative. That is to say that your culture (norms, values and morals) determine what you as an individual or your society deems deviant behaviour. Functionalist Findings on Deviance The functionalist sociologist wouldRead MoreEssay about Social Deviance1286 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Deviance Social deviance is a term that refers to forms of behavior and qualities of persons that others in society devalue and discredit. So what exactly is deviance? In this essay we are concerned with social deviance, not physiological deviations from the expected norm. In general, any behavior that does not conform to social norms is deviance; that is behavior that violates significant social norms and is disapproved of by a large number of people as a result. For societiesRead MoreThe Ever-Changing Deviant Society Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pagescharacteristics of deviance, relevancy of deviance to society, problems arising from deviance, causes of deviance and how deviance has changed throughout the years. So what, really, is deviance? According to John Macionis in Society: The Basics (2008), deviance is â€Å"the recognized violation of cultural norms†. These norms â€Å"guide virtually all human activities, [making] †¦ the concept of deviance quite broad† (Macionis, 2008). In America a cultural norm may range from watching television frequently to

Police Brutality in NYC Free Essays

such incidents may exist. With increased attention being paid to incidents of police brutality, lawsuits being brought against both the officers and the government for which they work, and a focus on the psychological conditions that may affect those officers that violently abuse citizens, there is hope that police brutality can be better understood, reduced, and eventually eradicated. When Americans think of the history of police brutality, there are several historical events that form the backdrop for this social problem. We will write a custom essay sample on Police Brutality in NYC or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although thousands f undocumented and unrecorded incidents of police brutality undoubtedly have occurred, it was not until the advent of videotape that Americans who previously had no knowledge of police brutality began to truly understand this issue. The Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s was accompanied by many incidents of police brutality committed against African Americans and their supporters. The pictures and videos of these incidents, broadcast on national television, included nonviolent protestors being tear-gassed, beaten with billy clubs, and even sprayed with fire hoses. In February 2012 in New York City, an amateur video posted online shows four New York City police officers kicking and punching a nineteen year old man who was laying on the ground unarmed. His mother said that her son required staples in his head and arm. Jatiek Reed, the nineteen year old Bronx resident, who has suffered from constant headaches and nightmares since then, announced he was requesting a special prosecutor to investigate. Reed’s attorney said the Bronx district attorneys office wasn’t capable of investigating because its close relationship with police. The fficers involved have been placed on desk duty and their guns and shields have been removed while the New York Police Department investigated, according to US News Online in 02/09/2012 and AP Regional State Report-New York City, 02/0112012. Many police killings receive little mention in the media. Therefore, the topic usually goes unnoticed by general public until an incident hits home or a major tragedy occurs. According to recent statistics by October 22nd Coalition to Stop Police Brutality, 21 people were killed by New York police throughout 2012, averaging two killings per onth. It increased the previous year’s sum by seven fatalities. The same statistic shows that nearly 90 percent of those killed were Black or Hispanic. Last year’s victims of police shooting varied in age: Antwoine White, 17 years old, was killed in Bushwick, Brooklyn, on January 29; Ramarley Graham, 18 years old, was slain in his own Bronx bathroom Just four days later. On August 24, Jeffrey Johnson, 58 years old, was shot dead by the New York Police Department outside the Empire State Building after killing a former co-worker he had a grudge against. Shereese Francis was killed in the basement of her house in Queens. The New York Police Officers used excessive force by pressing her face into a mattress while handcuffing her, causing her to suttocate. Then on June an e Davis was snot in a vehicle in East Flatbush, Brooklyn. There was no weapon involved and she didn’t represent any threat to the police to warrant the use of deadly force. (New York Amsterdam News from January 31 to February 06, 2013). Still, though, the Justice Department has failed to prosecute the vast majority of police brutality cases. This problem stems from, among other things, difficulty in proving allegations, absent evidence such as unbiased eyewitness testimony, or videotape recordings of the abuse. Also, there exists a perception in society that police officers are to be believed and trusted. Because such a high percentage of police officers can be trusted and do not engage in police brutality, Juries and Judges often encounter difficulty in disbelieving an officer’s testimony that he or she did not abuse a citizen. Most people who become police officers do so because they ave a strong desire to protect their communities and its citizens. They work hard and receive appropriate training on how to handle a wide variety of situations, both ordinary and dangerous. Unfortunately, despite the fact that most police officers work very hard to keep their communities safe and provide a good example to its citizens, there are some individuals who abuse the power and authority they receive as a result of their positions in law enforcement. Sadly, allegations of police brutality are not uncommon, with many accusations coming from people in poor eighborhoods, minority neighborhoods, and major cities. Because police forces are governmental entities, common citizens–either individually or through their elected officials–do have a say in how their local police force is operated. If police departments make attempts to increase sensitivity and participate in training designed to reduce violence, and if groups of citizens actively work to encourage their local police departments to reduce violence and adopt enforceable early warning systems, police brutality can be reduced. However, while the vast majority of olice officers are good and honest people, the problem of police brutality is significant enough that it cannot be ignored. Sources Citations: Ethnic News Watch 21 killed by the NYPD in 2012. (2013, ). New York Amsterdam News. Retrieved from http://www.proquest.com/connect/ https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T98899 https://learnaboutrussia.wordpress.com/2009/12/13/hermitage-museum/ http://weblib. ucc. edu:2233/ic/ovic/NewsDetailsPage/NewsDetailsWindow? e=scanld=documentld=GALE How to cite Police Brutality in NYC, Papers

Ethics and Conducting Disciplinary Proceedings †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Ethics and Conducting Disciplinary Proceedings. Answer: Introduction: In the video, a situation has been presented where the Project Director of a software development company receives a call from the CEO of the company regarding the release of the Willies software. In the video, the CEO of the concerned company orders the project director to launch the Willies software a month early. A conversation is presented between the project director and the project manager. The project manager is approached with the idea of the CEO. The demand is to launch the Willies software early without the encryption portion. Hearing this proposal, the project manager states that launching the software on time will be difficult to manage and let alone the early release. The project manager feels extremely skeptical about the early launch proposal as he states that encryption is a crucial portion of the software and to release the software without that feature would prove to be harmful. The project director tries to convince the project manager that he and his team will be paid bonus handsomely if he agrees with the proposal and that the encryption part can be added to the software using updates ("Scenario 3: Early Launch", 2017). Therefore, in this video, the ethically questionable situation or activity is that the project director is pressurized to launch the software early without it being fully functional.The project manager is forced to agree to the proposal when he knows that the encryption part is extremely vital. The project manager faces an ethical dilemma as he fails to figure out whether he should turn down the proposal or should command junior developers to agree with the early launch of the software. This is completely an Information Technology related ethical issue because the early launch of the software compromises with the security features as it will not contain the encryption feature. This can result in security holes in the software making it vulnerable to hackers. This early launch proposal is already in breach of ethical conducts such as honesty and public interests (Myers Venable, 2014). Lacking encryption features will comprise the security of its users, which is not an ethical decision by a software firm. People who are responsible for raising the ethical problems are the management authority of the company. The financial state of the company has been compromised and to manage that situation, the CEO is pressurizing the managers to launch the software early without proper validated developments. The CEO has convinced the project director to command the early launch of the software and this raises the ultimate problem. The early launch of the software has pressurized the software development team as developing the software on the planned date has been known to be a difficult task. The encryption portion has not been developed and the a few other modules of the software are yet to be integrated and hence, testing process will fall behind the planned date. Therefore, these ethical issues have blatantly affected the development team and the project manager. The main problem that caused the crisis is the financial problem. The management authority of the company should have identified the possibility of the financial problem and should have provided a forecast to manage the financial crisis without taking an unethical step (Stahl et al., 2014). Review of budget could help in managing operational costs of the company. If the company is suffering from a sudden financial crisis then the company could have taken loan to avert the crisis. Prediction of the financial problem is the best way to manage such crisis as the financial problems do not arise overnight in a company. The action taken by the project manager was an ethical one. The project manager tried to convince the director that without the encryption feature in the software, it will be vulnerable to all the available cyber threats. Releasing an update will take a few months and till that specified timeline, the users will have to use the software which has no security features at all. In this way, the sensitive information shared by the users will be exposed to the world wide web, which will in the long run will damage the reputation of the firm. The company is basically trying to handle its financial problems by taking shortcuts. However, releasing software with no security will jeopardize the future of the company. The project manager does his best to make the project director understand the seriousness of the situation and the director heeds his words. The project director sees his point and agrees to talk to the higher authority. As the consequence, the project director makes a call to the higher authority stating about the concern of the project manager. He explains that release of the software a month early will only compromise the future of the company and the authority agrees to convince the CEO to launch the software on the previously allocated timeline. The firm is obviously going through some financial crisis and hence, the CEO of the company has decided to launch the software early to manage the financial problem. Apart from launching the software early, there can be another way to solve the problem (Burmeister et al., 2014). Launching in early will jeopardize the reputation and future of the company; however, it will be better if the company takes a loan to avert the short-term crisis. This will not comprise the development of the software and no unethical issue will be faced by the company. Upon the timely release of the software, the company will be able to repay the bank in time. The project director should take the best action because the director has been pressurized by the CEO for the early release of the software. This in turn will lead to bribe the development team unprofessionally (Carvalho, Polidoro Magalhes, 2016). It is the responsibility of the project director to understand the developmental crisis of the software and what unethical treatment the team is facing. Therefore, the project director should understand and talk to the top level management authorities to cancel the early launch of the software. The best action which is the project manager cancelling the proposal of early release of the software. The decision of launching the project in time will provide the appropriate amount of time required to efficiently complete the development and testing of the software. It will also manage the cost as timely release of the software will help in proper development of all the modules and cost estimation of the overall integrated software will be easy (Miloradova Ishkov, 2015).. Launching the software within the predetermined timeline will surely provide enough time for testing and troubleshooting of the software modules and thus will ultimately assure quality of the software. Timely release will contain the encryption feature and hence, no important features will be compromised leaving the quality intact. A software has features enabling it to exchange data over the internet. Internet is vulnerable to various cyber threats such as phishing, worms, viruses, Torjan Horse etc. and hacking of data is extremely common. Users may utilize data exchange feature to exchange various forms of data. To facilitate a safe exchange of data, a security mechanism is required. When a data is sent through the internet medium, every bit of the data needs to be protected and to protect the bits, a process called Encryption is required. Encryption is a process that can employ specific algorithms to hide the original data bits produced by the software and a respective decryption method is required to decrypt the encrypted data (Bannister Connolly, 2014). This encryption solely serves the security purpose of the users. However, in the video, it has been presented that the software will be released early without the development of the encryption feature. This will jeopardize the bulk of information shared us ing the software and this will endanger the biggest stakeholders of the project which are the users. (Vidli?ka,Lang Maravelski, 2016). Therefore, through the best action, the user data will not be compromised and all the sensitive information exchange will be safe. References: Bannister, F., Connolly, R. (2014). ICT, public values and transformative government: A framework and programme for research. Government Information Quarterly, 31(1), 119-128. Burmeister, O., Al-Saggaf, Y., Schwartz, M., Johnson, L. (2014). Internet resources to help Australian ICT professionals identify and solve ethical challenges. ACIS. Carvalho, V. S., Polidoro, M. J., Magalhes, J. P. (2016, April). OwlSight: Platform for Real-Time Detection and Visualization of Cyber Threats. In Big Data Security on Cloud (BigDataSecurity), IEEE International Conference on High Performance and Smart Computing (HPSC), and IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Data and Security (IDS), 2016 IEEE 2nd International Conference on (pp. 61-66). IEEE. Miloradova, N., Ishkov, A. (2015). Environmental ethics as a social, professional and personal value of the students of civil engineering university. Procedia Engineering, 117, 246-251. Myers, M. D., Venable, J. R. (2014). A set of ethical principles for design science research in information systems. Information Management, 51(6), 801-809. Scenario 3: Early Launch. (2017). YouTube. Retrieved 30 November 2017, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5M7ohdZ6qA Stahl, B. C., Eden, G., Jirotka, M., Coeckelbergh, M. (2014). From computer ethics to responsible research and innovation in ICT: The transition of reference discourses informing ethics-related research in information systems. Information Management, 51(6), 810-818. Vidli?ka, S. R., Lang, I. G., Maravelski, A. (2016). Regulating breaches of professional ethics and conducting disciplinary proceedings against physicians in Europe (Chapter 33). Compendium on European Health Law (book), Buijsen, Martin; RoscamAbbing, Henriette; den Exter, Andre (eds.), Maklu, Netherlands.

Daily School Routine Essay Essay Example

Daily School Routine Essay Paper Life is an interesting escapade worth life. I enjoy every spot of my life and enjoy things around me such as. beautiful landscape. budding flowers. green scenery. admirations of scientific discipline seen in different signifiers. wonders of metropolis life. the leisure of free clip. . Though much of my day-to-day school is routine-based. yet the assortment and diverseness of day-to-day being make my day-to-day school routine an exciting escapade. Every individual on the planet has his ain life and duties. A batch of people have different day-to-day school modus operandis. Some of them have long twenty-four hours and others an easy twenty-four hours. But that depends on how many categories they have. The biggest job is the Time direction which is the act or procedure of planning and exerting witting control over the sum of clip spent on specific activities. But there are ways to pull off your life modus operandi. My day-to-day school modus operandi starts at place. First. I get up from bed early in the forenoon. I do my forenoon responsibilities. I wash my face and brush my dentitions. Then I take a small physical exercising. Following I dress myself to travel to school. We will write a custom essay sample on Daily School Routine Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Daily School Routine Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Daily School Routine Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I am neer tardily in go toing school. I take different topics and I ever try to listen to my instructors in the category. My day-to-day modus operandi is packed with school material these yearss. My yearss at school are Tuesday and Thursdays. The first category starts at 9:30 which is an ESL category with Mr. Dave Bruno that finishes at 10:45. Then I have my psychological science category it’s my favourite it. It starts at 11:00 to 12:15 with Mr. Mike Colbert. After that I have a interruption for 3 hours. so I go to hold tiffin with my friends’ . so my last categories is math with a amusing instructor. We call him General. School modus operandi can be difficult sometimes particularly during tests. Throughout the class of my ESL categories. English trials ever proved to be hard for me. I had problem retrieving footings and vocabulary. despite the fact that my memorisation accomplishments were rather capable. Indeed I had a instructor that sometimes surprise us with small quizzes. And no readying the odds of go throughing the unheralded trial were non slanted in my favour. Time direction is a phrase that I have lived by throughout parts of grade school. high school. and now college. I have been introduced to this because of the legion activities and sums of work that I have accumulated over the old ages. In high school. I had to equilibrate my clip from traveling to school. to pattern. and so to homework. I would seek to equilibrate out the work. but sometimes there was non adequate clip in the twenty-four hours to complete all of it. I rapidly learned that working in front of clip was cardinal to my success. I learned a batch about the common myths of clip direction and where I fall in the categorization of effectual clip direction. Time can non be managed ; it can merely be controlled by each single individual and the manner clip is directed. Scheduling is highly of import when it comes to pull offing the usage of clip. It is of import to pull off clip sagely. When clip is managed and organized sagely ; it can do the difference between a productive twenty-four hours and a really feverish twenty-four hours. Using clip direction during an ordinary twenty-four hours can assist cut down emphasis and simplifies life. Without have a program on how to pull off clip. it can make emphasis in life and besides burying of import day of the months and deadlines. By non holding some type of organisation in life it will make pandemonium and will look as if there is non adequate clip in one twenty-four hours to finish day-to-day undertakings. Time direction may be aided by a scope of accomplishments. tools. and techniques used to pull off clip when carry throughing specific undertakings. undertakings and ends following with a due day of the month. When I learn and maintain good clip direction accomplishments. I find freedom from deadline force per unit area and from emphasis in general. I am more productive. procrastinate less. and I have more clip to loosen up. which helps further lessening emphasis and anxiousness. Making a list. Set deadlines and Stoping multi-tasking are things I do to pull off my clip in school. I set reminders on my phone and computing machine. One of the most of import things is I make certain I list experience come-at-able. No 1 wants a 30-item to-do list and have to. at the terminal of the twenty-four hours. I look at the 20 points that I didn’t acquire done. Prioritize my and others’ demands and program consequently. I might even desire to do three lists — personal. place and school. Puting deadline. Again. there is no point in puting deadlines if I make executive determinations to ever force them back. Puting a deadline and seeking my best to lodge to it. This allows for the possibility that other things will acquire in the manner. but besides let for me still to acquire the undertaking done. Besides halting multi-tasking. Multitasks frequently seem to believe they get more complete. but it’s non ever the most productive or efficient path. my head work better when I am genuinely able to concentrate and concentrate on one thing. Daily school modus operandi makes the five dharma’s work for the organic structure. Actually. man’s lifetime can be 150 – 170 old ages or even more. Since we are go againsting hese Dharma. it has been reduced to 60-80 old ages. This modus operandi is non suggested to do you live for 100 old ages for certain. but to populate a healthy life. This Natural Life Style is a portion of Naturopath. Once you started clip direction schedule your organic structure is in good status and is ready for the Dharma of fast. Until you have been following this everyday for months. The natural lifestyle suits anyone and everyone – adult male or adult female. immature or old. chronic patient or ordinary individual. It requires merely a strong desire and inspiration to hold a sound organic structure. That’s more than plenty.

Future of Environmental Pollution Essays

Future of Environmental Pollution Essays Future of Environmental Pollution Paper Future of Environmental Pollution Paper Essay Topic: Water pollution Environmental pollution is any discharge of material or energy into water, land, or air that causes or may cause acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term) detriment to the Earths ecological balance or that lowers the quality of life. Pollutants may cause primary damage, with direct identifiable impact on the environment, or secondary damage in the form of minor perturbations in the delicate balance of the biological food web that are detectable only over long time periods. Until relatively recently in humanitys story, where pollution has existed, it has been primarily a local problem. The industrialization of society, the Introduction of motorized vehicles, and the explosion of the human population, however, have caused an exponential growth in the production Of goods and services. Coupled with this growth has been a tremendous increase in waste by-products. The indiscriminate discharge of untreated industrial and domestic wastes into waterways, the spewing of thousands of tons of particulates and airborne gases into the atmosphere, the throwaway attitude toward solid wastes, and the use of eely developed chemicals without considering potential consequences have resulted in major environmental disasters, including the formation of smog in the Los Angles area since the late sass and the pollution of large areas of the Mediterranean Sea. : Technology has begun to solve some pollution problems (see pollution control), and public awareness of the extent of pollution will eventually force governments to undertake more effective environmental planning and adopt more effective antipollution measure Summary: In the previous project we was given some following points on environment pollution which are as given below- . Definition of pollution 2. Air pollution 3. Water pollution 4. Noise pollution Land pollution 5. Effects of pollutions 6. 7. Preventive measures 8. Conclusion Future of environmental pollution. ABSTRACT : Pollution occurs when chemicals and other foreign substances leech into the ground, air and water. These pollutants contain toxins that adversely impact ecosystems and the living creatures within them. Although environmental health and safety groups work to increase awareness of the danger pollution presents, if pollution continues at its current rate, the future effects could be vegetating to human populations and the environment. EXTINCTION : Pollution has an adverse impact on wildlife and will continue to do so well into the future. A 2004 report in New Scientist states that pollution is the primary cause of the extinction of various species of butterflies and other insects in Great Britain. Although pollution poses a threat to creatures on land, aquatic creatures may face an even greater danger. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, an estimated one to 1 1 percent of all marine species will fall into extinction every decade Beethoven 1975 and 2015. Water pollution comes from industrial and agricultural runoff and in addition to presenting a danger to aquatic life, water pollution also impacts humans since extinction of marine life adversely affects the food chain. Pollution occurs when chemicals and other foreign substances leech into the ground, air and water. These pollutants contain toxins that adversely impact HUMAN ILLNESS As pollutant levels increase, human exposure to toxins will also increase. The Environmental Protection Agency notes that exposure to pollutants is directly linked to cancer and heart disease. Air pollution is a primary problem in urban areas and for individuals who live near major roadways, since vehicles give off a high concentration of pollutants. As air pollution increases, researchers anticipate that the negative health effects Of exposure will also increase. GLOBAL WARMING Burning fossil fuels for energy, such as coal, oil and natural gas, releases carbon dioxide and other toxins into the Earths atmosphere. High carbon dioxide levels increase the airs temperature. According to the John Ray Initiative, this can cause the Earth s average temperature to rapidly change. The phrase greenhouse effect often has negative connotations. In reality, however, the greenhouse effect is a natural and beneficial process by which the Earths ozone prevents heat from escaping into the atmosphere. Because carbon dioxide causes the temperature on Earth to increase, the ozone layers ability to trap heat close to the surface can result in global warming as pollutant levels escalate. Pollution, due to its ability to cause illness in humans, can have a significant impact on the worlds economy. The World Health Organization notes that an increased rate of illness due to pollution places a financial strain on insurance companies, government-funded health orgasm and individuals themselves. In addition, the more individuals who fall ill, the less productive employees are present to perform the activities necessary to keep a business running. Students absent from school due to illnesses caused by pollution may miss educational opportunities they would have otherwise enjoyed further increasing the future economic hardships societies would face as a result of pollution. CONSIDERATIONS Much of the debate over the effects of pollution stem from the inherent uncertainty in climate change science. Nobody can predict what pollution leslies might look like in the next decade. Climate change models extrapolate data based on current trends and cannot give the future much weight. Essentially, the future effects of pollution require the predictor to make subjective assumptions about the future, which carries a great deal of variability. WARMING The idea that green house gas emissions will warm the earth significantly by 21 00 is one of the most widely accepted effects of pollution, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. Although life needs greenhouse gases to warm the earth, too much warmth disrupts the life cycle. Exactly how this extra warmth will effect life remains uncertain. Current information provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change claim that global warming could wipe out 20 to 30 percent of earths species. FOOD SUPPLY Climate changes to the seasons could disrupt the worlds supply of food, according to the EPA. While food production might benefit from shorter cold seasons, this comes with an increase in severe weather like floods and droughts that ruin entire crops. Soil will likely benefit from increased carbon dioxide levels, but extreme rainfall patterns could negate this benefit. More request droughts will erode soil into dust and reduce arable land. RISE IN SEA LEVELS The EPA reports that the sea level rose about five inches during the 20th century. The International Panel on Climate Changes models predict the ocean level will rise between 0. 5 feet and two feet by the end of the 21st century. If the sea levels rise in accordance with EPIC estimates, a lot of current coast land will either erode away or fall below sea level. HUMAN HEALTH How the effects of pollution will impact the public will vary from region to region. The EPA estimates that major cities like Chicago and Los Angles will experience at least 25 percent more headwater. However, this heat could counteract the death from extreme cold spells. Parasites like mosquitoes thrive in warmer climates, which could mean more mosquito carried diseases like malaria. An increase in smog should also exacerbate respiratory illness.

Client Strategy Proposal for AngliCare Australia (Non Profit Research Paper

Client Strategy Proposal for AngliCare Australia (Non Profit Organisation) - Research Paper Example The message we are trying to spread here is â€Å"Let others reuse to the core for what you have use no more†, encouraging people to donate things that they are done with, but something that still has some sort of value so that someone else can put it to use. Introduction AngliCare is a social welfare agency based in Australia. They provide a unique range of community services including family relationship services, foster care, adoption, employment services, community housing and development, etc. Originally established in June 1976 as â€Å"Anglican Health and Welfare Services†, AngliCare now has a staff of over 400 and a network of more than 300 volunteers and counting, AngliCare is now one of Australia’s largest Christian care organizations and reaches out to over 38 thousand people every year, making an annual turnover of over 25 Million Dollars. (About Us 2011) Being a social welfare organization, AngliCare provides specialized services to all, children, th e aged, the disabled; anyone who requires help. They realize that more often than not, people are in need of an ear to listen and some moral support. Their main aim is to try to help these people through love and Jesus. Goals & Objectives AngliCare has a vision to change lives and communities by care through Jesus Christ. They believe that, â€Å"we live in a just and fair society in which all people thrive.† (Dear Applicant 2011). All they want to do is help everyone get there. They want to provide support and services to those who need it, as a push to make them reach where they want to. They also want to play a role in influencing policy makers to ensure that institutions and systems are made aware of the needs of all people in the community. AngliCare has one mission-to care: by doing good work that will help communities evolve and address any kind of needs, emotional, social or physical, that the people may have. AngliCare’s goal is to work together with people, f amilies and their communities so as to enhance their abilities and to encourage them to cope with the daily challenges that life has to offer. They do so by being compassionate, responsive, non judgmental and non discriminating in their strive to help others feel empowered. AngliCare depends on team work. It is their best strategy and has over time made them believe that cooperation and collaboration is what leads to achieving quality outcomes for both individuals and communities. Situation Analysis: SWOT Strengths: AngliCare provides a vast range of services that has turned to be a strength for them. These services include caring for the aged, youth services, family relationship services, disability and carer services, disaster recovery, etc. They do not discriminate or judge, but accept whoever comes to them with needs. Being a social welfare group, this plays a very strong role in their functioning. Their main motto is to care and they ensure that this message is communicated to all they come across. AngliCare also has strength in its organizational and services structures that are very comprehensive and well planned. Weakness: In spite of being a social welfare organization, everything is not given to AngliCare on a silver platter. They are facing issues that can be considered a weakness to their functioning, such as with some of its events, the volunteers and the bad donations to its op shops. They need to work on

Research Papper Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Papper - Research Paper Example The manufacturing sector has also been heavily targeted and attacked by cyber terrorists and criminals. This has been done especially to access information about manufacturing processes and control process. Cyber terrorist may attack manufacturing industries systems so as to get access to the data concerning the processes and procedures used in that industry. This information may then be used elsewhere to manufacture counterfeit commodities. Cyber terrorist also attack the automated machine control processes so as to cause accidents in that particular industry. These may be politically motivated attacks. The other sector that is targeted by cyber terrorists is the health care sector. The sector has been at risk since it has not invested in cybercrime security procedures. These attacks may results into financial losses and even deaths. These cyber terrorist can access the hospital data system and for example change the medicine prescription of a patient resulting into death of the patient (Krasavin, 2004). The transport sector and the critical infrastructure of the country are also top targets of cyber terrorists. These cyber criminals can use their software to interfere with for example flight schedules in order to cause confusion in airports. Communication systems have also been attacked by cyber terrorists leading to access of vital information and confidential information of the American citizens. Cyber terrorists have as well targeted the education sector in the United States of America. This has been for example done through accessing the databases of various education institutions and changing the grades of the students or interfering with the curriculum. These terrorists have also used the internet to carrying out cyber bullying in order to intimidate students. In addition to that, students’ work and assignments have also been attacked and interfered with through spamming and other malwares. Cyber crime

Leopards and Humans Conflict in india Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Leopards and Humans Conflict in india - Essay Example Apart from the encroachment of humans into protected regions, another reason why wild animals cross over to human landscape is food shortage in protected regions. This is due to high competition between carnivores such as leopards and tigers. This usually prompts wild animals such as the leopards to move onto human land in search of food where they normally target human livestock, dogs and chicken. In the republic of India, conflicts between human beings and wildlife are a common occurrence. One common wild animal that humans are ever having conflicts with is the leopard. According to Ramesh [1], leopards are adaptable animals that are capable of living not only in but also around human dominated landscapes. Conflicts between humans and wild animals such as the leopards normally occur when humans cross into protected areas or wild animals crossing over to human territory. Wild animals such as the leopard and other carnivores normally cross to human territory in search for food, whereby they usually target livestock [2]. In most cases when human beings interact with wild animals, a conflict ensues and apart from injuries, this results to loss of lives on both sides. It is because of this that the Indian government is ever on the move to ensure that the rate of human-wildlife conflicts are minimized since if left to prevail could eventually result to extinction of endangered spe cies. The paper will relay information on how human-wildlife conflicts are a major problem in India in addition some of the most appropriate measures that ought to be enacted in order to minimize the conflicts. In a move to determine how adverse the conflict between human beings and wildlife has become, a number of researches were conducted in various protected regions and its environs. One study was in Akole Tahsil, a densely populated region located in Ahmednagar district. In the western regions of Akole

Psychological Criticism Of Blue Velvet Film Studies Essay

Psychological Criticism Of Blue Velvet Film Studies Essay Blue Velvet is an American movie which was made back in 1986.These Movie showcased elements of film noir and surrealism. The movies title, featuring Kyle Maclachlan, Isabella Rossellini, Dennis Hoper and Laura Dern, was picked from the 1963 bobby Vinton song which has the same title. This Movie earned David lynch his second nomination to the academy awards in the category of best director. This paper presents a psychological criticism analysis of the movies as regards its screenplay, plot, direction and general presentation. The screenplay of Blue Velvet had been rejected by many studios in the late 1970s and early 80s due to its explicit sexual and violent content. It is a widely held perception by many modern critics today that Blue Velvet is a representative of modern film noir shot around the same time that similar movies started being shot and shown in local cinemas and this was around the 1980s to the mid 1990s. The film revolves around a college student Jeffrey Beaumont (Maclachlan) who when heading home from hospital where he had visited his father stumbles across a human ear in the field in his home town of Lumberton. His investigation finds great assistance from Sand Williams (who is a high school student) and comes in handy providing Jeffrey with information from his (Sands) father who is a local police officer. Jeffreys investigations led him to the underworld of his home town ad this is followed by falling in love with a singer and uncovering criminals. Blue Velvets operates on a number of thematical levels in spite its initial appearance as a mystery movie, it owe its specialism to 1950s film noir, encompassing and venturing into such conventions as femme fatele, seemingly unstoppable villain and questionable moral outlook of the hero and off course its unusual inclusion of shadowy cinematography. In this insight therefore, it is important that we review Jeffrey Beaumont (Maclachlan). He is the main character and he is portrayed to have a number of qualities. He is portrayed by the narrator as a very inquisitive person considering that he found an ear in the fields the as from there he begins to investigate the case without even a second thought. The character Jeffery is also portrayed as a character that doesnt have a high sexuality. This is proven when Dorothy makes sexual advancements towards him but he easily declines them. Dorothy is another character but this one uses sex as her comfort which sets precedence for the critical objection of the movie. This can be proven by the scene where Frank both abuses her sexually and after he is gone she wants sex from Jeffery. This fact can also be proven since she enjoys showing off her body in the club where she works and also after she tries to seduce Jeffrey and he hits her , she is turned on instead of being furious (Chion 85). Its amazing how the character of Jeffrey moves from not even thinking of sexual matter to having a sexual relationship Jeffrey as a character portrays the image of a curious citizen who has the aim of becoming a hero and saving the day. This is supported by his determination in solving the case on the ear and finally he emerges as a hero as he saves Dorothy. Another criticism for the movies regards the central theme of the movie depicted in it of apparent perversity. Blue Velvet speaks for liberalization and represents some of modern concepts which have since become its trade mark such as distorted character sexuality and a polarized world. The part of sexuality may come in due t an experience Lynch had as a kid where he and his brother stumbled across a woman walking naked and this adventure scared him to much that he even cried. That scenario may have traumatized Lynch too and this is shown where he expresses it as a trade mark in all his movies. Probably one of the most outstanding Lynchian trademark in this great movie is the depiction where there is unearthing of a dark underbelly in an apparently small idealized town (Chion 121). Blue Velvet inaugurates a metaphorical oedipal family that constitutes of the child Jeffrey Beaumont and frank and Dorothy through intentional citation of film noir and its underlying oedipal themes. The resulting violence can be deduced to portray domestic violence in our day to day life. Franks violence towards Dorothy stands in place for the many family abuses going on in the world. The control Frank has over Dorothy portrays mostly husbands violence against their wives and families in general in real life. Jeffrey may be used to portray the innocent youth who are scared by the violence in their streets and homes but still want to stand up and have whatever they want to themselves. Jefferys relationship with Dorothy may also be used to portray the way many married women are seeking love outside their homesteads. Taking a Freudian approach, Blue Velvet is considered to be an expression of a traumatized innocence which is the basis of Lynchs works. Dorothy represents the sexual moth er figure because she is confined to sexual activities only. Jeffrey portrays the aspect of a concerned citizen or a man in love and is ready to protect. Frank represents a few numbers of people who oppress others in the society. If this movie were to be shot today I would strongly advice David lynch to leave it just the way it is. In this regard therefore and in a word, Blue Velvet was and is still one of the greatest movies of all time. Works site. Chion, Michael. British Film Institute: Blue Velvet A Two-Part Search for the Films Deleted Scenes. New York, NY: London Press, 2007.

Hamlets Crazy! :: essays research papers

Hamlet’s Crazy!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The idea of madness portrayed by Hamlet and Ophelia is a perfect example of the changes that occur after certain traumatic situations. Hamlet’s actions throughout the play are a direct reaction towards the trauma earlier in the play. Ophelia and her ending in life is the ultimate price of madness. Both Hamlet and Ophelia were not the only two people in this play that had gone mad. In the end, the whole cast had gone mad. Hamlet’s madness played a bigger role in the play than Hamlet himself. In the very beginning, when Hamlet first conversed with his dead father’s ghost, Hamlet and his sanity had changed. Hamlet had gone insane after seeing a ghost. This was not such a wrong thing. In one scene, Hamlet said nothing but a grunt to Ophelia, who was left dumbfounded in fright. Ophelia may of sensed Hamlet’s madness at this point. Perhaps it had rubbed off on her. In a speech directed towards Polonius, Hamlet, with total disregard of Polonius and his feeling’s, repeatedly offended him. Polonius was in deed testing him at this time. Claudius had witnessed this and said there was method in his madness-- I agree. After all of this it is fairly obvious that Hamlet’s madness had written the play. If Hamlet were stable with his Father’s death, and his Mother’s re-marriage, the plot would be far less great and the play would have ended in the first scene. The whole idea of Hamlet and his madness thickened the plot and furthered the play. Would Polonious have died without Hamlet’s madness? Or would Ophelia drown herself without Hamlet and his ways? Not likely. Hamlet was not the only one who had gone mad with rage; Laertes too had gone mad. Near the end of the play, after his father had been slain and his sister drown, Laertes too had caught the â€Å"Hamlet Madness Disease.† Laertes might have had an immature jealousy towards Hamlet, but I disagree. Strangely, Hamlet seemed to act more sane when Laertes began to lash out at Hamlet while attending his dead sister’s funeral. From that point on Hamlet seemed more calm and together. He apologized to Laertes for killing his father, and blamed it on his madness. He then referred to him as a brother. These are not the actions of a mad man, but of a man with regret and solitude.

How does music affect your heart beat? Essay

The heart is a vital organ in the human body. Though only the size of the fist, it pumps blood to the rest of the body by rhythmic expansion and relaxation. The frequency of this cardiac cycle is measured by the term heart rate. The heart rate is the number of contractions (beats) of the heart in a minute. The heart rate tends to increase with response to a wide variety of conditions like vigorous physical activity or according to our hypothesis, music. Music has an arousal effect which is related to its frequency and tempo. Slow or meditative music can induce a relaxing effect and thus put the psychological sense in rest. Music may be used as an alternative technique of relaxation or meditation. Recent research suggests slow music influences a person’s relaxation, and that musical pauses modulate heart rhythms (in a good way). The researchers found that music with faster tempos resulted in increased ventilation, heart rate, and blood pressure. When the music was paused, ventilation, heart rate, and blood pressure decreased, sometimes below the beginning rate. Slower music caused declines in heart rate, with raga music influencing the largest decline. Overall, researchers agreed that the style of music wasn’t as important as its pace. Music has also been shown to reduce stress, benefit athletic performance, and enhance motor function in people with neurological impairments. So turn up the volume and chill out. Listening to music can influence your heart rate and how fast you breathe – especially if you’re a trained musician, a new study indicates. Listening to faster music with a more upbeat tempo has the opposite effect – speeding up respiration and heart rate. The results support a growing body of research on the potential stress-reducing health benefits of music, the researchers say. In the current study, Sleight and colleagues monitored breathing rate, blood  pressure and other heart and respiratory indexes in 24 healthy young men and women, before and while listening to short excerpts of different kinds of music. The music ranged from slow and fast classical compositions of differing complexities to rap. They also monitored the subjects during two minute musical intermissions. Half of the subjects were trained musicians and the other half had no musical training. The investigators report that listening to music initially produces varying levels of arousal – accelerated breathing, increased blood pressure and heart rate – that are directly proportional to the tempo of the music and perhaps the complexity of the rhythm. The style of the music or an individual’s music preference appears less important than the tempo of the music. They also found that calm is induced by slower rhythms and by short pauses or intermissions in the music. Pausing the music for two minutes actually induces a condition of relaxation greater than that observed before subjects began listening to the music tracks, the investigators report. Sleight suggests these effects are most striking for people who have musical training because they have learned to synchronise their breathing with the musical segments. â€Å"Musicians breathe faster with faster tempi, and had slower baseline breathing rates than non-musicians,† he says. The researchers speculate that music may give pleasure, and perhaps health  benefits, because it induces a controlled alteration between arousal and relaxation. They say the present study suggests that an appropriate selection of music – alternating fast and slower rhythms interspersed with pauses – can be used to induce relaxation and may therefore be beneficial in heart disease and stroke. References: above background information obtained from:Reader’s Digest December 2006Specific Research DesignWe will be measuring the heart rates of each subject to determine the effect of music on cardiovascular activity. In order to do this, we first must measure, using a heart rate monitor, the resting heart rate of the subject, as the control. Furthermore, the subject will be asked of their physical activity level, as well as to rank, in terms of preference, thefive genres of music to be used for testing. The subject will then be exposed to, sequentially, five genres of music: 20th century classical, ambient electronica, rock, metal, and rap. During each piece of music the heart rate of the subject will be recorded, and following each piece the subject’s heart will be allowed to return to resting heart rate to eliminate any sampling error that might otherwise occur. Which genre has the greatest effect on heart rate?Aim: To find out which genre of music has the greatest effect on heart rate. Hypothesis: I believe – from research, that either house or rock will get the heart rate going the most. Apparatus:Heart-rate Monitor: This object is usually a strap attached to the person’s chest with electrodes in contact with skin, which detects the hearts voltages. Once these are detected, they are then sent to the receiver through radio signals, which is usually around the wrist. The receiver uses these findings to determine the subject’s heart rate. iPod: This device will be used to expose the subject to the 7 different pieces of music throughout the experiment and at the same volume at 2mins  each song. The Human: The people tested are all between the ages of 18-23 and similar physique to keep a somewhat constant. We are also taking into account their favourite type of music based off of the seven choices we give them to see if this affects the way they react to the stimulus of the music. We are also considering their physical condition, for this will influence the heart’s activity. Method:Step 1. The volunteer was allowed to rest for 1 minute while seated. Step 2. The volunteer’s heart rate was measured using the LifeSource heart rate/blood pressure monitor. Step 3. The first music track was played using a CD player. When the track was completed, the volunteer’s heart rate was recorded. Step 4. The volunteer’s heart rate was recorded after playing each of the 7 music tracks. The music tracks were played consecutively, in the same order for each volunteer as follows:a) Acoustic: No Other Way by Jack Johnsonb) Blues/Jazz: Georgia On My Mind by Ray Charlesc) Classical: Leave No Man Behind by Hans Zimmerd) House/Electronica: La Musique by Riot In Belgiume) Hip-Hop: Don’t Matter by Akonf) R&B: Stronger by Kanye Westg) Rock: Start Me Up by the Rolling StonesVariables:Controlled: Ipod, volume, songs, heart rate monitor, time of music play, volunteer’s age bracket and gender. Dependent: Heart rate of volunteers measured in beats per minute. Independent: The songs played, time of play, different volunteer. This shows that the tempo is like the human heart and how it beats. Conclusion:From the experiment, I found that the genre of Dance, House/Electronica had the most affect on heart rate with an average of 69.7 beats per min. The genre of Classical music had the least affect on the heart rate with an average of 57.3 beats per min. Bibliography: Reader’s Digest, sciencebuddies.org, www.uncp.edu, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/, agsci.eliz.tased.edu.au, Encarta, sonybmg.com.au, musiclab.com, Mozart.org/

how things happen and reoccur in history1 essays

how things happen and reoccur in history1 essays The colonies of the late 1600s and the early 1700s were formed because in England many people were being persecuted because of their religious beliefs. So to get away from the persecution, the people of England wanted to go to a place where everything seemed perfect( because thats what the advertising for America was saying). Where they wouldnt be forced to do or not do(religious celebrations) they didnt want to. So they came to America and settled in the colonies. The Native Americans who had already been there were curious and scared of these new people coming in there land. So at first they didnt know what to do. The Indians being the great people they were helped the colonist out in the new land. They showed them easier and more efficient ways of getting things done. Plus the colonist had indentured slaves so they hardly had to work, it was mostly the Indians. this helped the inexperienced colonists out, making their adjustment to the new world simpler. Basically the co lonist had it made. They asked questions and the Indians answered them. So the better things got the more people came over. So the Indians being the huge help, were inviting them over. So they were thanked by being exiled out. So the colonies began to grow and more colonies started to form. Meaning more an more space was beginning to disappear in the mass ship loads of people coming over. More and more people, less and less land and the original landowners( the Native Americans), were losing their property fast. So eventually they were pushed out into the west until now, there are only a few tribes left. Being the Situation, the social reason is they are losing out of, or lost, the Native Americans cultures and customs, and that would be a major loss. America today was known as a melting pot because we carry so many cultures and customs and mix them together , Would it be right to push one ou ...

Best Places For Internship To Make Awesome Career by BestEssay.Education

Best Places For Internship To Make Awesome Career Best Places For Internship To Make Awesome Career Making the Right Choice At Start As an intern, you are never seen to be a threat to the established order of things within a department or organization. It gives you a unique opportunity to observe, suggest, and even implement ideas that might take months of meetings, and many hours of presentation time to explain, in the normal course of events, simply because of the temporary nature of your tenure. Most successful careers require a degree of politics and guile, and this is probably the only chance you will ever get to explore different tactics and methods without upsetting too many people along the way. It also gives you the opportunity to see, live, the way other people address these issues in the workplace. As an intern, you usually have huge flexibility to flit between departments, and the different parts of an organization, and because of that, you can speak to people that you would not normally meet in the normal course of your duties. Students internships cover a multitude of situations and are a great opportunity to pick the brains of everyone from the warehouseman, through to the chief executive; students employment covers a multitude of situations. Great Options For Early Career There are a huge number of student internship opportunities available; and to give you an idea of the scope and scale of these opportunities we have listed some below, along with some notes on each. Before we forget; here is a list of internship programs 2016  which you may find useful after reading this article. As you can imagine, the competition for places on internships is fierce; your resume and cover letter have to be spot-on. For this reason if you are not confident that you can put together a compelling and convincing case, it may be worth considering cover letter writing help to get your point across and to secure that elusive interview. Resume editing is another approach you may need to consider, just to get the final polish into your application. One of the other things that you need to consider is that many of the applicants will come from similar backgrounds, similar colleges, and have similar approaches to gaining that place on the internship program, as you. In this situation, thinking outside the box, taking up advanced learning techniques  is an incredibly powerful way of looking at the whole idea of gaining an internship placement. Investigate some of these ideas if you want to give yourself an edge. Let's take a look at a few Internship programs, from varying industries, in more detail: KPCB Design and Engineering offer a Product Fellows Program, which enables students to spend a whole year at a Silicon Valley startup and see the action from the ground floor. On the program, they meet with other design students and engineering gurus, and there is a three-month summer program focused just on design and engineering. Incidentally, they also run a new year-long program which is focused solely on product management. The Boston Consulting Group The chances are that if you have ever read a financial newspaper, magazine or publication, you will have heard of The Boston Consulting Group, even though you may not have any idea what it is that they do. They are, in fact, one of the world's leading management consulting firms; with a staff of over 10,000, working in 45 countries. They offer a summer placement for over 100 students, for between 6 to 12 weeks. The idea behind the program is that it enables students to get to know the business and the staff, and work on projects whilst assuming the same responsibilities as those of the permanent staff in order to give them a proper insight into what business strategy and management consultancy involve. Kohl's Stores operate an 8-week program in which students can have a realistic experience of retail management by exposure to managing a team, and running a department. This practice is followed by a full debriefing via a store walk with district managers and concentrates on business analysis, motivation, and leadership skills. Areas of participation include human resources, purchasing, logistics, marketing, finance, e-commerce, IT programming and IT business analysis, technical design, textiles design, product development, and buying. In addition to this corporate program, there are distribution center courses, which are a 10-week program, and a contact center program, also of 10 weeks, which are designed to give insights into the â€Å"backroom† operations of Kohl’s structure. MossAdams  Is one of the largest accountancy firms in America, with 27 offices around the country, and with a presence in more than a hundred other countries. It offers internships via the Moss Adams Foundation â€Å"Campus† program. These internships are part of the tax and assurance groups and are an 8 to 10-week program, which simulates the assignments and tasks you are likely to encounter as a staff accountant in your first year. There is also a state and local tax services internship that covers subjects such as law and compliance requirements and involves keeping the clients up to date with changes in legislation, Nexus analysis and planning, as well as undertaking refund audits and tax credit calculations. 3M has connections in over 70 countries, and works in fields as diverse as transportation, office products, safety, and health care. It is responsible for many household products such as Post-Its and Velcro. Internships are available in the domains of marketing, finance, sales, HR, engineering, research and development, IT. Internships are usually of 6 to 12 weeks duration full-time comprising 3M's corporate student programs. These programs are designed to help 3M to find the most promising students and to allow the students themselves to appraise 3M and see if it is a suitable employer for them. Two-thirds of the intern intake are based in the headquarters in St. Paul, Minnesota. Comcast/NBCUniversal are a massive media, film, and telecommunications company. They offer a number of internships based on their financial functions. These can be located at a number of posts including Atlanta GA, Denver CO, Englewood NJ, Los Angeles CA, Miami FL, and New York NY. The Internship allows the students to see the way in which financial viability and risk assessment apply to everything from television programming through to the network cell coverage of a telecommunications system. So; there are half-a-dozen examples of internships which are currently available and many more can be found, together with reviews and rankings, more details and information on pay packages and housing allowances, travel arrangements, and so on. Just enter your criteria and the software will pull up whatever is available. We hope this has been a helpful insight into some of the aspects of internship and gaining a place on some of the more prestigious internship programs. Being on an internship is one of the most fantastic experiences of your career. It is something that you will never be able to repeat, and as well as giving you immense satisfaction, will be something that you will always look back upon fondly in the latter stages of your career. Getting the best out of your internship starts with getting the right course in the first place. Making sure that you have the best resume that you can possibly create, and an exemplary cover letter to accompany it, will be the best foundation possible for achieving this goal. Good luck!

The Chinese Occupation during 2 decades Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Chinese Occupation during 2 decades - Essay Example However, the revolution was faced with great resistance from the colonial powers of the central people’s government. The central people’s government deployed police officers who arrested, tortured and detained many of the Tibetan people who were thought to be the reason behind the revolt. Moreover, the extremities of the Chinese oppression on the Tibetans heightened with the police opening live fire and killing scores of protesting Tibetans. This paper therefore intends to carry out an analysis of the Chinese occupation amidst the Tibetans in India within the two decades in mid 20th century. Great interest will focus on the mistreatment leveled against the Tibetans and which saw many arrested, detained and tortured while many others were killed. Discussion Immediately after the independent republic of China got internal governance, it embarked on a hasty mission to claim backs other territories, which belonged to her among which Tibet was. Chinese People’s libera tion army was then tasked with the task to propel the newly formed state in the missions to liberate other territories. However, the sovereignty of such a country as Tibet was not taken with the dignity it deserved and as such was one of the targets to be claimed by the Chinese army. Tibetan sovereignty had well been understood due to the reason that the country had never been taken captive by any political administration of a foreign country1. However, with initial peaceful approaches by the Chinese government to take over Tibet, the motive later turned out fatal with resistance from the Tibetan people who resisted the captivity. The reaction is what best describes the bloodshed and the mass deaths witnessed by the Tibetans. China was successful in taking over Tibet though they subjected the native Tibetans to untold sufferings and deprived them of the human rights as prescribed within the international human rights provisions by the UN. The 1950 invasion of the Tibet by an estimat ed thirty thousand Chinese troops marked the start of a painful ordeal to the people of Tibet. Their government of Tibet was toppled over and the Chinese took over control under the leadership of Dalai Lama since when many other troops of Chinese origin were deployed into the region. The onset of 1951 saw the Tibetan and Beijing counterparts sign into treaties, which pointed to national regional autonomy. Among other fundamentals in the agreements were that the central authority would observe the sovereignty of the governance structures governing Tibet as well as the already established status quo. Freedom of religion as well as the autonomy of the education system of the native Tibetans was to be safeguarded and developed2. However, the Tibetan revolt set in 1954 as resistance towards the failure of the Chinese government to honor the written agreement persisted. The Chinese started imposing collectivism to the Tibetans while at the same time destroying the Tibetan monasteries. As a result, the voluntary defense army of the Tibetan was born which facilitated and coordinated the rebellion against the central people’s government. 1959 and 1961 mark a milestone within the history of the Tibetans as it was the period in which the Chinese destroyed many the monasteries of the Tibetan people. Moreover, a severe famine swept across the Chinese territories killing thousands of the Chinese and many other Tibetans as well. After a mass revolt erupted in Lhasa because of bleach to the 1951 agreement by the

Large corporations, such as Wal-Mart and Home Depot, have been Research Paper - 1

Large corporations, such as Wal-Mart and Home Depot, have been criticized for driving mom-and-pop shops out of business. Is this - Research Paper Example Struggling to keep afloat, many have either sold their businesses, had to drastically change their business model, or have gone out of business altogether. While there may be some validity to the notion that large corporations are slowly causing the demise of small businesses, the American public can be seen as partly to blame for this modern day phenomenon as well. Fair Competition Many wonder if competition in the marketplace should be fair, or whether the business mentality in America should be seen as survival of the fittest where the one with the most customers and the biggest revenue wins. The free enterprise system prides itself on giving the consumer a choice. In addition, the system itself is designed to give anyone a chance of making it big, event if that means a large multinational corporation. To stay afloat, small businesses must adapt to the reality the big corporations are here to stay. There is, however, a way to remain competitive and for a small business to retain i ts place as neighborhood shop. There are current laws guarding against the establishment of monopolies in many Western countries, including the United States, but this does not preclude a given business from becoming so large that is squeezes out smaller competitors unable to keep pace. The reality is such that big businesses have more buying power and are often able to sell goods at a lower price than other businesses of their type, but of a smaller size. The fear, of course, is that once neighborhood shops are driven out of business, then large corporations such as Home Depot and Wal-Mart, will have little incentive to keep their prices low. There is also the feeling across America that the loss of the mom and pop shop will be like losing a part of American culture and its heritage. In order to determine how to save these shops, however, one must first come to a conclusion about what is really causing the small business to become a thing of the past in the first place. While small er businesses are at a comparative disadvantage, many scholars would argue that they could survive if they simply employ a bit more creativity and ingenuity into their business model (Bickle, 2012). Fair competition can be had between big and small business alike. The entrepreneurial mind is not limited by size. The neighborhood shop owner has the same potential to engage in creative marketing and loyalty programs to attract customers as the big business does. In fact, smaller businesses need far fewer customers to remain a viable player in the business world of a community than a large corporation does. As such, if a small business owner can become a bit more creative and enhance the visibility of their product, while providing a service that is superior to that of the big business down the street, the may be able to retain more than enough customers to keep their doors open. In the end, the business that can attract and retain enough customers to satisfy the goals set forth in its business model can position themselves to survive and weather economic storms. Some could argue that big business is in trouble today as well. Due to the large amount of financial and human capital that must be expended to keep a business such as Home Depot and Wal-Mart afloat, an uncertain economy brings about uncertain times for these companies as well. Recent years have seen the demise of such large retailers as Montgomery Wards and

Critical analysis the business environment of Mr. and Mrs. Yates Essay

Critical analysis the business environment of Mr. and Mrs. Yates Grocery stores - Essay Example They do not hold the store in selling popular products but rather have developed a distinct business differentiation by targeting that population which likes to buy European food items. This gives them a slightly different target market than the other grocery stores and super markets in the vicinity. The grocery stores are medium sized; the profits are dependent upon the number of sales made each day as they cannot be dependent upon a huge variety and array of products as there is limited space in the stores. The Yates believe that they are providing a service rather than just selling grocery to their customers; they believe in being knowledgeable about the grocery they are selling and they are well versed in their specification so that they can provide ample and astute guidance to their customers. In-spite of these fine aspects, the Yates have been suffering huge losses and mismanagement problems, this report struggles to identify the cause of these problems and offer solutions. We are going to analyze the operations, information, and quality management problems that the company is facing. For this we first need to establish what these concepts are: Operations management: Operations management is a branch of management that deals in overseeing and refining the business processes so that they incorporate optimization of resources (minimum use of resources and maximum output) and also make them apt at meeting customer needs. It concerns constructing new processes and redesigning old ones to make them more efficient and optimal. Information management: This concerns the collection and management of information from all the sources available; sorting useful information from the clutter and utilizing it in time to ensure the efficient and effective management of resources. Quality management: Quality management is ensured in any organization by catering to the following aspects: Quality planning Quality control Quality assurance Quality improvement If the organizat ion is adhering to these four aspects, not only in their product/services but also in all their processes and procedures, and ensuring continuous improvement, only then is it a quality organization. Now, this report will aim to find the discrepancies in the Yates grocery stores related to these concepts. The first tools being utilized to analyze the grocery store is: 1. PESTLE Analysis: The environment in which a business operates can be very dynamic and unpredictable; it contains the following aspects: 1.1. Political: The free trade policies that are being adopted by governments are a great benefit to the Yates as they have to import international food items. These no tariff policies greatly reduce the cost of the products. Any change in these policies will be a threat to the Yates. All businesses have to adhere by the rules and regulations established by the government for the working of a business, they include: agreements, MOU’s, charters etc. They are very important and have to be managed in order to maintain smooth running of the business (Kerzner 2009, p. 65-92). 1.2. Economical: Economic factors are a great concern for the Yates as they impact the buying behaviors of customers directly. The recent recession is a great example of how economy affects businesses. If the buying power of people reduces, they give priority to the necessities and do not divulge in unnecessary items such as foreign food

Public key infrastructure Essay Example for Free

Public key infrastructure Essay Public key infrastructure is arrangements used to bind public keys with identities of respective user by means of certificate of authority. There should be unique user identity for each certificate of authority. Establishment of binding is through registration and issuance process which is carried out under human supervision or software at a certificate of authority depending on assurance level. Registration authority assures this binding where each user identity, their binding, the public key and validity conditions are made in a manner that it can not be forged in the public key certificates that are issued by the certificate of authority. Why Public Key Infrastructure Is Important Public key infrastructure enables users of unsecured public networks for example, internet to privately and securely exchange data and money by use of private and public cryptographic key pair obtained and shared through a trusted authority. It also provides for digital certificate that is used to identify an organization or individual and directory services used to store or revoke the certificates. (Warwick, 1998 pp50-55). Public key infrastructure enables computer users with no prior contact to use information in public key in their public key certificates to be able to encrypt messages to each other. It has a client software, smart cards, server software, assurances, legal contracts and operational procedures. Public key infrastructure enable parties in any dialogue establish message integrity and confidentiality without the need for exchanging any secret information in advance and do not need any prior contact. Public key infrastructure supports digital signatures that enhance security of transaction, services that are essential such as certificate revocation and validation, key backup and recovery. Updating key pairs simultaneously helps to minimize work load of administration for public key infrastructure. It also supports cross certification which creates truly federated identity through enabling integration among circles of trust. The other importance is that, it enables users to have large communication; partners and consumers transact and communicate in a dynamic way. It is reliable and cost effective where it does not involve use of huge amount of money. Public key infrastructure system is closely tied to enterprise directory scheme when public key of employees are stored together with his personal details for example, phone, e-mail, department and location. This saves time in retrieving the data that is needed because once the name of employee is known; all the necessary information concerning him or her is easily available in the same place. (Baum, 1998 pp 56-59). How It Relates To Information Technology (It) Security Communication security establishment operate and manage public key infrastructure bridge. It signs and manages common certification authorities that certify public key infrastructure. As information technology security, establishment of communication security helps in developing technical documentation and operational standards with respect to risk and vulnerability analysis, analysis of system and networks security and product evaluation in consultation with policy management departments and authority as they relate to public key infrastructure and applications that are related. Information technology security give advice and assist policy management departments and authority on standards of operation and technical documentation. When managers follow the advice given to them, their departments will be able to perform well and to the expectations of organization as a whole. They will assist the employee in performing their duties so that at the end they are able to do quality work that brings the desired results. (Steven, 1998 pp 23-26). Strategic security services are provided and technical advice to support implementation, design and operation of public key infrastructure and critical related elements of infrastructure. They develop and provide training which is specialized with respect to vulnerability of networks, conduct related research and development and appropriate mitigation strategies. Information technology maintains and advice architecture of overall system of public key infrastructure. It operates and manages merging technology test bed for supporting interoperability test between secure emerging technology applications and key public infrastructure. Business requires making partners, customers and suppliers more efficient, demands ways of securely opening up networks and applications. They look for different ways of carrying out business in order to enjoy the benefit of business communication and commerce provided by online channel opportunities which includes consumer web applications and business partner extranets. Authentication solutions have been costly and cumbersome in the past. There has been limited proliferation of these solutions. With VeriSign, customers are able to move to an easier and ubiquitous universal authentication solution relying on VeriSigns services of security to offer high breed security for internet and network resources. Managed public key infrastructure fast track is used for enterprises to secure small scale applications. Enterprises are able to control issuing of digital certificates to internal and external users while processing tasks of outsourcing data like generation of digital certificate, renewal, validation and revocation. (Steven, 1998 pp27-30). REFERENCES Warwick F. and Baum M. (1998): public key infrastructure interoperation: Science and Technology Spring, pp50-59. Steven S. (1998): Incorporation by reference and public key infrastructure: VeriSign, pp23-30.

Lincoln - Greatest Man Of The 19th Century :: essays research papers

The man of the nineteenth century.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many historians argue that American culture is based on Civil War and its outcome. It is easy to agree with that statement, because one cannot even imagine living in a slave-owning society that would most definitely develop if the South had won. Abraham Lincoln, America’s sixteenth President was the most influential man of the war. He was responsible for mobilizing the North’s power, getting people, both Republicans and Democrats, to sympathize with the Union cause and consequently, winning the war. This is what makes Lincoln the most influential man of the nineteenth century.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lincoln was born into an â€Å"undistinguished family†. His parents died, when Lincoln was just a child, and he had to struggle greatly in order to get some education. Lincoln served as a captain in the Black Hawk War after which he continued with a law career. Lincoln spent eight years in the Illinois legislature. In 1858 Lincoln ran against Douglas in series of debates for Senator’s position. Although Lincoln lost, these debates won him the nomination of 1860. His greatest accomplishments were to come much later.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Lincoln was inaugurated in 1861, he made it perfectly clear that the secession of the South was unconstitutional. He was willing to compromise with the South on the issue of slavery, the driving force behind South’s secession. Unfortunately, South was not interested in compromising. After the Fort Sumter was forced to surrender by the Confederate troops, Lincoln declared war. Since he was running a centralized government rather than the South that believed in states’ rights over central government, Lincoln was able to efficiently mobilize Union’s people and resources. That, of course, played an essential role in the final victory, and is one of Lincoln’s greatest accomplishments.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The victory of the Union affects today’s society just as much, or maybe even more that the War for Independence. As mentioned, Civil War is the underlying event of American history and further formation of its culture. It is impossible to even conceive a society that would develop as a result of Confederate victory. Asides from being a slave owning and perhaps, a slave trading nation for many years, America would also lack a centralized government and much of its international power. No one knows how many years it would take for the Confederacy to abolish slavery.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lincoln, on the other hand, abolished slavery in 1863 , two years after the beginning of the war.

The Argument on the Legalization of Same Sex Marriages Essay -- Papers

The Argument on the Legalization of Same Sex Marriages The argument over the legalization of same sex marriages is rapidly becoming one of the most vigorously advocated reform subjects in recent law review. Being gay and loving someone is not illegal, but uniting that couple in a legal marriage is rejected by most of society in this country. Each state has had to deal with legal issues concerning same sex marriages to some extent. Most supporters of the ban on gay marriages believe that it would be a strong cause of immorality and corruption of the American family. People who do not support same sex marriages believe that it would create an unhealthy family, and could cause serious harm to children in that family, while supporters of same sex marriages believe that they are being denied the benefits such as establishing a right of survivorship, co-partner medical and retirement benefits. It is felt by most homosexuals that these benefits would help create a stronger stability in a long-term relationship. Most of the volunteer and financial support against gay marriage comes from religious groups or churches. ?Catholics, Mormons, and evangelists make up more than 40 percent of California?s population, and raised millions of dollars to pass the amendment.? Same sex marriages are both mentally and physically wrong in the minds of most parishioners. They find the concept immoral because according to the Bible, sex between members of the same sex is strictly prohibited, much less marriage. Proposition 22 was one of many campaigns led by religious conservatives, which prohibits California from allowing marital rights to gay couples who married in another state, and it only recognizes marriages between man and a woman. ... ...iages will also someday in the future be legalized. Bibliography: California Protection of Marriage Initiative. Feb.2000 Online Posting. 11 Nov. 2000 (http://doma.org/purpose.html) Defense of Marriage Act. May 1996 Online Posting. 28 Nov. 2000 (http://reagan.com/HotTopics.main/HotMike/document-5.15.1996.1.html) Lesbian and Gay Marriage Resource Site. April 2000 Online Posting 10 Oct. 2000 (http://grasshopperdesign.com/gay_marriage/news/vt4.htm) DodgeGlobe: The Dodge City Daily Globe-Court grants April. 2000 Online Posting. 8 Oct. 2000 (http://www.dodgegloble.com/stories.122199/nat_rights.shtml) California Bars Gay Marriage Mar. 2000 Online Posting 11 Nov. 2000 (http://abcnews.go.com/onair/CloserLook/wnt_000307_Prop22_feature.html) Stiers, Gretchen A. From This Day Forward St. Martins Press, New York, NY, 1998

Product analysis Samsung Galaxy S4 Essay

Nowadays, it is a common scene to see everybody keeps his /her ear attached to a cell phone. Often, they are doing it at the risk of an accident, loss of human relationship or studies. Intimate friendships of our parents’ younger days are now lost and it is now reduced to an SMS or mobile talk. Keeping addresses of our intimates is now lost. Writing letters is given up. Human relationship and mental concentration are now replaced by electronic connections. It is a fact that having a mobile phone now a days is a sort of necessity and it is an inevitable truth that mobile industry is taking everyone’s mind by a storm. From the very basic thing of making a call, texting, and now Internet access for just a touch of your fingertips. Do you have one of these? I do have one of those too and I won’t deny the fact that I enjoy using them. So as one of the million subscribers of this technology I will share you some of the advantages and disadvantages I found, out of having a mobile phone. A mobile phone (also known as a cellular phone, cell phone, and a hand phone) is a device that can make and receive telephone calls over a radio link while moving around a wide geographic area. It does so by connecting to a cellular network provided by a mobile phone operator, allowing access to the public telephone network. By contrast, a cordless telephone is used only within the short range of a single, private base station. In addition to telephone, modern mobile phones also support a wide variety of other services such as text messaging, MMS, email, Internet access, short-range wireless communications (infrared, Bluetooth), business applications, gaming and photography. Mobile phones that offer these and more general computing capabilities are referred to as smartphones. The first hand-held mobile phone was demonstrated by John F. Mitchell and Dr Martin Cooper of Motorola in 1973, using a handset weighing around 2.2 pounds (1 kg). In 1983, the DynaTAC 8000x was the first to be commercially available. From 1990 to 2011, worldwide mobile phone subscriptions grew from 12.4 million to over 6 billion, penetrating about 87% of the global population and reaching the bottom of the economic pyramid. II. The Company Background Samsung Group (Hangul: ì‚ ¼Ã¬â€ž ±Ãª · ¸Ã« £ ¹; Hanja: ä ¸â€°Ã¦ËœÅ¸Ãª · ¸Ã« £ ¹; Korean pronunciation: [sam.sÊÅ'Å‹ É ¡Ã‰ ¯Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã‰ ¾upÌš]) is a South Korean multinationalconglomerate company headquartered in Samsung Town, Seoul. It comprises numerous subsidiaries and affiliated businesses, most of them united under the Samsung brand, and is the largest South Korean chaebol. Samsung was founded by Lee Byung-chull in 1938 as a trading company. Over the next three decades the group diversified into areas including food processing, textiles, insurance, securities and retail. Samsung entered the electronics industry in the late 1960s and the construction and shipbuilding industries in the mid-1970s; these areas would drive its subsequent growth. Following Lee’s death in 1987, Samsung was separated into four business groups – Samsung Group, Shinsegae Group, CJ Group and Hansol Group. Since the 1990s Samsung has increasingly globalised its activities, and electronics, particularly mobile phones and semiconductors, has become its most important source of income. Notable Samsung industrial subsidiaries include Samsung Electronics (the world’s largest information technology company measured by 2012 revenues), Samsung Heavy Industries (the world’s second-largest shipbuilder measured by 2010 revenues), and Samsung Engineering and Samsung C&T (respectively the world’s 35th- and 72nd-largest construction companies). Other notable subsidiaries include Samsung Life Insurance (the world’s 14th-largest life insurance company), Samsung Everland (operator of Everland Resort, the oldest theme park in South Korea), Samsung Techwin (an aerospace and defence company) and Cheil Worldwide (the world’s 19th-largest advertising agency measured by 2010 revenues). Samsung has a powerful influence on South Korea’s economic development, politics, media and culture, and has been a major driving force behind the â€Å"Miracle on the Han River†. Its affiliate companies produce around a fifth of South Korea’s total exports. Samsung’s revenue was equal to 17% of the South Korea’s $1082 billion GDP. Name According to the founder of Samsung Group, the meaning of the Korean hanja word Samsung (ä ¸â€°Ã¦ËœÅ¸) is â€Å"tristar† or â€Å"three stars†. The word â€Å"three† represents something â€Å"big, numerous and powerful†; the â€Å"stars† mean eternity. History 1938 to 1970 The headquarters of Samsung Sanghoesin Daegu in the late 1930s In 1938, Lee Byung-chull (1910–1987) of a large landowning family in the Uiryeong county came to the nearby Daegu city and founded Samsung Sanghoe (ì‚ ¼Ã¬â€ž ±Ã¬Æ' Ã­Å¡Å', ä ¸â€°Ã¦ËœÅ¸Ã¥â€¢â€ Ã¦Å"Æ'), a small trading company with forty employees located in Su-dong (now Ingyo-dong). It dealt in groceries produced in and around the city and produced its own noodles. The company prospered and Lee moved its head office to Seoul in 1947. When the Korean War broke out, however, he was forced to leave Seoul and started a sugar refinery in Busan named Cheil Jedang. After the war, in 1954, Lee founded Cheil Mojik and built the plant in Chimsan-dong, Daegu. It was the largest woollen mill ever in the country and the company took on the aspect of a major company. Samsung diversified into many areas and Lee sought to help establish Samsung as an industry leader in a wide range of enterprises, moving into businesses such as insurance, securities, and retail. Lee placed great importance on industrialization, and focused his economic development strategy on a handful of large domestic conglomerates, protecting them from competition and assisting them financially. In 1948, Cho Hong-jai (the Hyosung group’s founder) jointly invested in a new company called Samsung Mulsan Gongsa (ì‚ ¼Ã¬â€ž ±Ã« ¬ ¼Ã¬â€š °Ãª ³ µÃ¬â€š ¬), or the Samsung Trading Corporation, with the Samsung Group founder Lee Byung-chull. The trading firm grew to become the present-day Samsung C&T Corporation. But after some years Cho and Lee separated due to differences in management between them. He wanted to get up to a 30% group share. After settlement, Samsung Group was separated into Samsung Group and Hyosung Group, Hankook Tire, and others. In the late 1960s, Samsung Group entered into the electronics industry. It formed several electronics-related divisions, such as Samsung Electronics Devices Co., Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Samsung Corning Co., and Samsung Semiconductor & Telecommunications Co., and made the facility in Suwon. Its first product was a black-and-white television set. 1970 to 1990 The SPC-1000, introduced in 1982, was Samsung’s first personal computer (Korean market only) and uses an audio cassette tape to load and save data – the floppy drivewas optional. In 1980, Samsung acquired the Gumi-based Hanguk Jeonja Tongsin and entered the telecommunications hardware industry. Its early products were switchboards. The facility were developed into the telephone and fax manufacturing systems and became the centre of Samsung’s mobile phone manufacturing. They have produced over 800 million mobile phones to date. The company grouped them together under Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. in the 1980s. After the founder’s death in 1987, Samsung Group was separated into four business groups – Samsung Group, Shinsegae Group, CJ Group and Hansol Group. Shinsegae (discount store, department store) was originally part of Samsung Group, separated in the 1990s from the Samsung Group along with CJ Group (Food/Chemicals/Entertainment/logistics) and the Hansol Group (Paper/Telecom). Today these separated groups are independent and they are not part of or connected to the Samsung Group. One Hansol Group representative said, â€Å"Only people ignorant of the laws governing the business world could believe something so absurd,† adding, â€Å"When Hansol separated from the Samsung Group in 1991, it severed all payment guarantees and share-holding ties with Samsung affiliates.† One Hansol Group source asserted, â€Å"Hansol, Shinsegae, and CJ have been under independent management since their respective separations from the Samsung Group.† One Shinsegae Department Store executive director said, â€Å"Shinsegae has no payment guarantees associated with the Samsung Group.† In the 1980s, Samsung Electronics began to invest heavily in research and development, investments that were pivotal in pushing the company to the forefront of the global electronics industry. In 1982, it built a television assembly plant in Portugal; in 1984, a plant in New York; in 1985, a plant in Tokyo; in 1987, a facility in England; and another facility in Austin in 1996. As of 2012, Samsung has invested more than US$13 billion in the Austin facility, which operates under the name Samsung Austin Semiconductor LLC. This makes the Austin location the largest foreign investment in Texas and one of the largest singleforeign investments in the United States. 1990 to 2000 Samsung Group headquarters at Samsung Town, Seoul Samsung started to rise as an international corporation in the 1990s. Samsung’s construction branch was awarded a contract to build one of the two Petronas Towers in Malaysia, Taipei 101 in Taiwan and the Burj Khalifa in United Arab Emirates. In 1993, Lee Kun-heesold off ten of Samsung Group’s subsidiaries, downsized the company, and merged other operations to concentrate on three industries: electronics, engineering, and chemicals. In 1996, the Samsung Group reacquired the Sungkyunkwan University foundation. Samsung became the largest producer of memory chips in the world in 1992, and is the world’s second-largest chipmaker after Intel (seeWorldwide Top 20 Semiconductor Market Share Ranking Year by Year). In 1995, it created its first liquid-crystal display screen. Ten years later, Samsung grew to be the world’s largest manufacturer of liquid-crystal display panels. Sony, which had not invested in large-size TFT-LCDs, contacted Samsung to cooperate, and, in 2006, S-LCD was established as a joint venture between Samsung and Sony in order to provide a stable supply of LCD panels for both manufacturers. S-LCD was owned by Samsung (50% plus 1 share) and Sony (50% minus 1 share) and operates its factories and facilities in Tangjung, South Korea. As on 26 December 2011 it was announced that Samsung had acquired the stake of Sony in this joint venture. Compared to other major Korean companies, Samsung survived the 1997 Asian financial crisis relatively unharmed. However, Samsung Motor was sold to Renault at a significant loss. As of 2010, Renault Samsung is 80.1 percent owned by Renault and 19.9 percent owned by Samsung. Additionally, Samsung manufactured a range of aircraft from the 1980s to 1990s. The company was founded in 1999 as Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI), the result of merger between then three domestic major aerospace divisions of Samsung Aerospace, Daewoo Heavy Industries, and Hyundai Space and Aircraft Company. However, Samsung still manufactures aircraft engines and gas turbines. 2000 to 2013 The Samsung pavilion at Expo 2012 In 2001 Samsung Techwin became the sole supplier of a combustor module for the Rolls-Royce Trent 900 used by the Airbus A380, the world’s largest passenger airliner. Samsung Techwin is also a revenue-sharing participant in the Boeing’s 787 Dreamliner GEnx engine program. In 2010, Samsung announced a 10-year growth strategy centred around five businesses. One of these  businesses was to be focused on biopharmaceuticals, to which the Company has committed â‚ ©2.1 trillion. In December 2011, Samsung Electronics sold its hard disk drive (HDD) business to Seagate. In the first quarter of 2012, Samsung Electronics became the world’s largest mobile phone maker by unit sales, overtaking Nokia, which had been the market leader since 1998. In the August 21st edition of the Austin American-Statesman, Samsung confirmed plans to spend 3 to 4 billion dollars converting half of its Austin chip manufacturing plant to a more profitable chip. The conversion should start in early 2013 with production on line by the end of 2013. On August 24, 2012, 9 U.S jurors ruled that Samsung had to pay Apple Incorporated US$1.05 billion dollars in damages for violating six of its patents on smartphone technology. The award was still less than the US$2.5 billion dollars requested by Apple. The decision also ruled that Apple didn’t violate 5 Samsung patents that were in the caseSamsung decried the decision saying that the move could harm innovation in the sector. It also followed a South Korean ruling that said both companies were guilty of infringing on each other’s intellectual property. In the first trading after the ruling, Samsung shares on the Kospi index fell 7.7%, the largest fall since October 24, 2008, to 1,177,000 Korean won. Apple then sought to ban the sales of eight Samsung phones (Galaxy S 4G, Galaxy S2 AT&T, Galaxy S2 Skyrocket, Galaxy S2 T-Mobile, Galaxy S2 Epic 4G, Galaxy S Showcase, Droid Charge and Galaxy Prevail) in the United States[ which has been denied by the court. On September 4, 2012, Samsung announced it plans to examine all of its Chinese suppliers for possible violations of labor policies. The company said it will carry out audits of 250 Chinese companies that are its exclusive suppliers to see if children under the age of 16 are being used in their factories. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (Korean: ì‚ ¼Ã¬â€ž ±Ã¬  â€žÃ¬Å¾ ) is a South Korean multinational electronics company headquartered in Suwon, South Korea. It is the flagship subsidiary of the Samsung Group and has been the world’s largest information technology company by revenues since 2009. Samsung Electronics has assembly plants and sales networks in 61 countries and employs around 221,000 people. Samsung has previously been known for its position as a manufacturer for many electrical components such  as semiconductors,chips, flash memory and hard drive devices. Samsung Electronics has actively expanded in consumer markets moving away from its manufacturing roots. It has been the world’s largest television manufacturer since 2006 and the world’s largest maker of LCD panels for eight consecutive years. In recent years, Samsung has gained prominent position in the mobile phone and tablet market, fuelled by its flagship Samsung Galaxy line of devices. The company is the world’s largest vendor of smartphones since 2011. Samsung has also established a prominent position in the tablet computer market, with the release of the Android-powered Samsung Galaxy Tab and Note 10.1. BIBLIOGRAPHY http://smartphones2013.org/samsung-galaxy-s4-pros-cons/ http://www.managementstudyguide.com/market-segmentation.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_S4 http://gadgetan.com/inilah-uniknya-acara-perilisan-samsung-galaxy-s-4/42162 http://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_galaxy_s_iv-5125.php Samsung official website (http://www.samsung.com/us/mobile/galaxy-S4/ ) http://www.isuppli.com www.wikipedia.org www.google.com www.valas.com www.mysmartprice.in www.xe.com http://www.indotrading.com http://searchfunmoods.com http://www.knoc.co.kr www.phoneArena.com http://EzineArticles.com/